Certificate in Intermediate Oracle Online Course

There are 12 units of study Introduction to PL/SQL

In our first lesson, you'll master the basics of PL/SQL and discover how you can best get started using this powerful language.You'll also learn the differences between SQL, SQL*Plus, and PL/SQL today.

Datatypes and Block Structure

The block is the basic unit of PL/SQL programming. In this lesson, you'll learn and understand the various datatypes available to you when declaring variables. You'll also explore the PL/SQL's block structure, its use, and its impact on the scope of variable declarations.

Operators, Expressions, and Datatype Conversions

Today, you're going to learn how to use operators to manipulate variables. You'll build simple expressions that compute two values, as well as complex expressions that consist of function calls, operations using variables, and relational comparisons. You'll also learn about datatype conversions for expressions that contain operands of multiple datatypes.

PL/SQL Functions, IF Statements, and Looping Statements

In this lesson, you'll take a closer look at how to create your own functions. The two main reasons for writing functions are the reduction of code and their ease of use. You'll learn how to code PL/SQL functions, how to define parameters in the functions, and how to store them. I'll also show you how to control the execution of PL/SQL blocks using the IF and looping statements. Then, we'll explore the various IF statements and how they operate, and you'll gain experience working with a simple loop.

GOTO Statement, Statement Labels, and Loop Constructs

In today’s lesson, you'll begin to master more methods for changing the order of execution of PL/SQL blocks. We'll cover statement labels, the GOTO statement, and the different kinds of loops. You'll learn how to branch by using the GOTO statement followed by a statement label. Then, we'll discuss why the statement label must appear in the same block and within the same scope as the GOTO statement. Next, we'll look at control structures. You'll learn about the different kinds of loops and how they operate. Finally, you'll discover techniques for exiting loops and how to simulate a REPEAT...UNTIL loop.

Oracle's Built-in Functions

We'll look at a number of Oracle’s built-in functions in this lesson, including string functions, number functions, date functions, and conversion functions.

Procedures and Packages

In this lesson, we'll focus on procedures and packages and how they allow you to organize your PL/SQL code into logical groups for uncomplicated maintenance and implementation.

Errors and Exceptions

Errors that occur from hardware or network failures, application logic errors, data integrity errors, and other sources are called exceptions. In this lesson, I'll introduce you to the concepts behind PL/SQL exception handling. I'll explain the different types of exceptions and show you how to identify and handle errors in your code.

Types of SQL Statements, Declaring Variables in PL/SQL, and Transaction Management

The Structured Query Language (SQL) is the industry standard for accessing data from relational databases. In this lesson, we'll address the connection to the underlying Oracle database through SQL (Structured Query Language). We'll cover the usage of SQL's Data Manipulation Language (DML) commands within a PL/SQL block. Then you'll learn how to define DML transactions that insert, update, delete, and query the information.

Using Cursors

PL/SQL cursors provide a method for selecting multiple rows of data from the database and processing each row individually. You can use cursors for simple procedures and complex processing. In this lesson, I'll introduce you to cursors and how they may be used.

Database Triggers, Advanced Cursor Concepts, and Managing PL/SQL Code

In this lesson, you'll learn about triggers and experiment with implementing a few different types of functionality. We'll discuss advanced cursor concepts, which include the SELECT...FOR UPDATE statement, the WHERE CURRENT OF clause, and subqueries in cursors. Finally, you'll learn techniques to managing PL/SQL code.

Debugging Your Code

Although some may never admit to it, everyone makes mistakes, so you will inevitably make some coding errors. These errors are usually comprised of syntax and logic errors. In our final lesson, I'll demonstrate how to find these bugs and then how to reduce the number of coding mistakes you may encounter.