Dialectologist course

The dialectologist is that professional figure specialized in dialectology, a linguistic discipline that studies dialects in their social and historical context. In Italy it was traditionally born in 1873 with the publication of the first issue of the Italian Glottological Archives, a magazine founded by Graziadio Isaia Ascoli, even if the discipline had numerous precursors already in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, as one of the nephews of Napoleon Bonaparte , Luigi Luciano Bonaparte, son of Napoleon I's brother, Luciano Bonaparte, and of his second wife Alexandrine de Bleschamp. The condition of diglossia consists in the state in which in a given territorial and social context there are two closely related languages, one of high prestige, generally used by the government and in formal texts, and one of low prestige, usually the minority language spoken in informal contexts: speakers generally have good practice of both languages, and use them according to the situation (code-switching phenomenon) and the interlocutors, in some cases alternating and in other cases in admixture. This condition occurs in Italy between Italian and the pre-existing languages ​​in most of the territorial realities of the country. Italian dialectology examines in diachrony the relationship of each local and regional language with its own Latin origin and the contributions added to them coming from other languages ​​in the form of loans, casts and so on. In synchrony, the linguistic analysis focuses on exchanges at the level of single dialects, of standard Italian dialect, of specific registers and idiolects.