Medical Course

the doctor is a professional whose role involves the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and health problems. He can prescribe drugs, tests, administer treatments, carry out small specialized interventions. He may be a general practitioner or a specialist in a certain branch. Since the time of Hippocrates of Kos (see Hippocratic oath), approved doctors are subjected to strict ethical rules (the so-called medical deontology). For a long time the profession of the doctor was purely male prerogative, and only in the modern age were there women who began to practice the profession. In Italy, the first woman to achieve a degree in medicine was Ernestina Paper in Florence in 1877. Nowadays, the supervision of compliance with the ethical rules is carried out by professional orders (the order of doctors), established in all modern states. In Italy there are the "Order of Surgeons and Dentists" and the "Order of Veterinary Doctors", which depend on the Ministry of Justice. After graduation, it is possible to follow postgraduate specialty courses. If before this specialization was not fundamental, it is no longer the case today, as the professional possibilities of the unskilled doctor are completely limited from a contractual point of view. Even the general practitioner (or "family"), for example, has the obligation to obtain a diploma of specific training in general medicine. Specializations are managed differently between the various countries: for example in France and Spain they are organized by the state throughout the national sphere,