Solar Photovoltaic: A Beginner To Advanced Level Course

Solar photo voltaic system is a system which is responsible for conversion of direct sunlight into electricity. 1 lecture 00:00 SOLAR PHOTO VOLTAIC IN DEPTH The important components of a solar photo voltaic system include a solar photo voltaic panel, a charge controller, a battery bank and an inverter. An off-grid PV system is a type of system which is commonly installed in residential homes in different regions around the world. The quality of generated electricity from a Photo voltaic system depends upon the type of solar PV panel employed. . Different PV panels have different configurations and it is very important to check all the important parameters beforehand. On the back of all solar panels there lies a junction box comprising of two cables- the MC4 and MC5 cables. These two cables are used for connecting one solar panel to another either in series or parallel. The integral part of a solar panel are the solar cells. Solar cells come in many different forms. For many generations the mono-crystalline solar cells have been dominating the market. Mono-crystalline solar cells have an efficiency range of (15-20) % but however they are costly. Polycrystalline silicon solar cells on the other hand have an efficiency range of (10-15) % and are less costly than the mono-crystalline silicon ones. Mono-crystalline silicon solar cells are more reliable than the poly-crystalline silicon solar cells. On the other hand, there are the thin-film solar cells which are not as much as popular as the silicon solar cells, but these solar cells are best resistant to heat and excess temperature. With the advancement in technology a lot of research has been going on in terms of development of solar cells on a market basis such as the dye-sensitised, perovskite, organic and multi-junction solar cells. An inverter is an integral part of a PV system in the sense that it is used for conversion of D.C. to A.C for use in homes. The size of a battery is estimated by taking the output of the inverter after all the losses in the inverter are taken into account. There are a lot of different conditions which affect the output of a solar PV system such as dust, external shading, temperature effects and other system losses. It is very important to take into consideration the geographical location of a region as this factor has a lot of influence over how the solar panels need to be installed to get the maximum output. The azimuth and tilt angel are two important angles which has a lot of influence on the solar panels. The installation procedure of a solar PV system has a specific layout which needs to be followed. The first step involves designing the concrete block distribution followed by assembling the structure and then raising the structure up to a particular height. After that it involves installation of the railways and finally the installation of the solar modules. It is very important to give a certain amount of space between stacks of modules and the necessary wiring and mounting hardware’s should be concealed in a proper manner. The important parameters which influence the calculations of a solar PV system include open circuit voltage (VOC), short-circuit current (ISC), fill factor and efficiency. A very important note is if a person is living in the southern hemisphere then the person should install the solar panels in a north facing wall and if living in the northern hemisphere then the panels should be installed in the southern hemisphere. While taking about the solar panel productivity there are two terms: STC (Standard temperature conditions) which involve having an irradiance of 1000W/m2, Air mass of 1.5G and a temperature of 25 degree Celsius whereas the other term is NOTC (Normal operating temperature conditions) which involve having an irradiance of 800W/m2, wind speed of 1m/s and a temperature of 20 degree Celsius. These two terms are specified at the back of each solar panel. Questions. 1. What are the conditions that need to be specified for STC and NOTC? 2. What is the meaning of Air mass (AM) 1.5G? 3. What is meant by Fill factor? 4. What is meant by Peak Sun Hours (PSH)? SOLAR PV SYSTEM QUESTIONS Questions. 1. What are the conditions that need to be specified for STC and NOTC? 2. What is the meaning of Air mass (AM) 1.5G? 3. What is meant by Fill factor? 4. What is meant by Peak Sun Hours (PSH)? 5. What is the full form of EQE? 6. What is the beneficial effect of employing bypass diodes in solar PV system?1. Ans. STC: STANDARD TEST CONDITIONS, NOTC: NORMAL OPERATING TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS 2. Ans. Air mass is the volume of air defined by its temperature and water vapour content and 1.5G, G stands for global irradiance which comprise of direct and diffuse irradiance. 3.Ans. Fill factor is the ratio of maximum power divided by the product of open circuit voltage and short circuit current. Have a look at the IV curve. 4.Ans. Peak sun hour is that duration when the intensity of sunlight is at its peak i.e. 1000W/m2. 1PSH means 1000 W/m2, 2PSH means 2000 W/m2. 5. Ans. EQE- Electro Quantum Efficiency 6.Ans. Bypass diodes enable current to pass the shaded cells and thus maintain good current flow through PV system and thereby efficiency is also maintained. SOLAR PV 2 SOLAR PV 3 All the quizzes are designed to help students test their knowledge and comprises questions from begineer to intermediate level. Solar photo voltaic system is a system which is responsible for conversion of direct sunlight into electricity.. 1 lecture 00:00 SOLAR PHOTO VOLTAIC IN DEPTH The important components of a solar photo voltaic system include a solar photo voltaic panel, a charge controller, a battery bank and an inverter. An off-grid PV system is a type of system which is commonly installed in residential homes in different regions around the world. The quality of generated electricity from a Photo voltaic system depends upon the type of solar PV panel employed. . Different PV panels have different configurations and it is very important to check all the important parameters beforehand. On the back of all solar panels there lies a junction box comprising of two cables- the MC4 and MC5 cables. These two cables are used for connecting one solar panel to another either in series or parallel. The integral part of a solar panel are the solar cells. Solar cells come in many different forms. For many generations the mono-crystalline solar cells have been dominating the market. Mono-crystalline solar cells have an efficiency range of (15-20) % but however they are costly. Polycrystalline silicon solar cells on the other hand have an efficiency range of (10-15) % and are less costly than the mono-crystalline silicon ones. Mono-crystalline silicon solar cells are more reliable than the poly-crystalline silicon solar cells. On the other hand, there are the thin-film solar cells which are not as much as popular as the silicon solar cells, but these solar cells are best resistant to heat and excess temperature. With the advancement in technology a lot of research has been going on in terms of development of solar cells on a market basis such as the dye-sensitised, perovskite, organic and multi-junction solar cells. An inverter is an integral part of a PV system in the sense that it is used for conversion of D.C. to A.C for use in homes. The size of a battery is estimated by taking the output of the inverter after all the losses in the inverter are taken into account. There are a lot of different conditions which affect the output of a solar PV system such as dust, external shading, temperature effects and other system losses. It is very important to take into consideration the geographical location of a region as this factor has a lot of influence over how the solar panels need to be installed to get the maximum output. The azimuth and tilt angel are two important angles which has a lot of influence on the solar panels. The installation procedure of a solar PV system has a specific layout which needs to be followed. The first step involves designing the concrete block distribution followed by assembling the structure and then raising the structure up to a particular height. After that it involves installation of the railways and finally the installation of the solar modules. It is very important to give a certain amount of space between stacks of modules and the necessary wiring and mounting hardware’s should be concealed in a proper manner. The important parameters which influence the calculations of a solar PV system include open circuit voltage (VOC), short-circuit current (ISC), fill factor and efficiency. A very important note is if a person is living in the southern hemisphere then the person should install the solar panels in a north facing wall and if living in the northern hemisphere then the panels should be installed in the southern hemisphere. While taking about the solar panel productivity there are two terms: STC (Standard temperature conditions) which involve having an irradiance of 1000W/m2, Air mass of 1.5G and a temperature of 25 degree Celsius whereas the other term is NOTC (Normal operating temperature conditions) which involve having an irradiance of 800W/m2, wind speed of 1m/s and a temperature of 20 degree Celsius. These two terms are specified at the back of each solar panel. Questions. 1. What are the conditions that need to be specified for STC and NOTC? 2. What is the meaning of Air mass (AM) 1.5G? 3. What is meant by Fill factor? 4. What is meant by Peak Sun Hours (PSH)? SOLAR PV SYSTEM QUESTIONS Questions. 1. What are the conditions that need to be specified for STC and NOTC? 2. What is the meaning of Air mass (AM) 1.5G? 3. What is meant by Fill factor? 4. What is meant by Peak Sun Hours (PSH)? 5. What is the full form of EQE? 6. What is the beneficial effect of employing bypass diodes in solar PV system?1. Ans. STC: STANDARD TEST CONDITIONS, NOTC: NORMAL OPERATING TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS 2. Ans. Air mass is the volume of air defined by its temperature and water vapour content and 1.5G, G stands for global irradiance which comprise of direct and diffuse irradiance. 3.Ans. Fill factor is the ratio of maximum power divided by the product of open circuit voltage and short circuit current. Have a look at the IV curve. 4.Ans. Peak sun hour is that duration when the intensity of sunlight is at its peak i.e. 1000W/m2. 1PSH means 1000 W/m2, 2PSH means 2000 W/m2. 5. Ans. EQE- Electro Quantum Efficiency 6.Ans. Bypass diodes enable current to pass the shaded cells and thus maintain good current flow through PV system and thereby efficiency is also maintained. SOLAR PV 2 SOLAR PV 3 All the quizzes are designed to help students test their knowledge and comprises questions from begineer to intermediate level. SOLAR PHOTO VOLTAIC IN DEPTH The important components of a solar photo voltaic system include a solar photo voltaic panel, a charge controller, a battery bank and an inverter. An off-grid PV system is a type of system which is commonly installed in residential homes in different regions around the world. The quality of generated electricity from a Photo voltaic system depends upon the type of solar PV panel employed. . Different PV panels have different configurations and it is very important to check all the important parameters beforehand. On the back of all solar panels there lies a junction box comprising of two cables- the MC4 and MC5 cables. These two cables are used for connecting one solar panel to another either in series or parallel. The integral part of a solar panel are the solar cells. Solar cells come in many different forms. For many generations the mono-crystalline solar cells have been dominating the market. Mono-crystalline solar cells have an efficiency range of (15-20) % but however they are costly. Polycrystalline silicon solar cells on the other hand have an efficiency range of (10-15) % and are less costly than the mono-crystalline silicon ones. Mono-crystalline silicon solar cells are more reliable than the poly-crystalline silicon solar cells. On the other hand, there are the thin-film solar cells which are not as much as popular as the silicon solar cells, but these solar cells are best resistant to heat and excess temperature. With the advancement in technology a lot of research has been going on in terms of development of solar cells on a market basis such as the dye-sensitised, perovskite, organic and multi-junction solar cells. An inverter is an integral part of a PV system in the sense that it is used for conversion of D.C. to A.C for use in homes. The size of a battery is estimated by taking the output of the inverter after all the losses in the inverter are taken into account. There are a lot of different conditions which affect the output of a solar PV system such as dust, external shading, temperature effects and other system losses. It is very important to take into consideration the geographical location of a region as this factor has a lot of influence over how the solar panels need to be installed to get the maximum output. The azimuth and tilt angel are two important angles which has a lot of influence on the solar panels. The installation procedure of a solar PV system has a specific layout which needs to be followed. The first step involves designing the concrete block distribution followed by assembling the structure and then raising the structure up to a particular height. After that it involves installation of the railways and finally the installation of the solar modules. It is very important to give a certain amount of space between stacks of modules and the necessary wiring and mounting hardware’s should be concealed in a proper manner. The important parameters which influence the calculations of a solar PV system include open circuit voltage (VOC), short-circuit current (ISC), fill factor and efficiency. A very important note is if a person is living in the southern hemisphere then the person should install the solar panels in a north facing wall and if living in the northern hemisphere then the panels should be installed in the southern hemisphere. While taking about the solar panel productivity there are two terms: STC (Standard temperature conditions) which involve having an irradiance of 1000W/m2, Air mass of 1.5G and a temperature of 25 degree Celsius whereas the other term is NOTC (Normal operating temperature conditions) which involve having an irradiance of 800W/m2, wind speed of 1m/s and a temperature of 20 degree Celsius. These two terms are specified at the back of each solar panel. Questions. 1. What are the conditions that need to be specified for STC and NOTC? 2. What is the meaning of Air mass (AM) 1.5G? 3. What is meant by Fill factor? 4. What is meant by Peak Sun Hours (PSH)? SOLAR PHOTO VOLTAIC IN DEPTH The important components of a solar photo voltaic system include a solar photo voltaic panel, a charge controller, a battery bank and an inverter. An off-grid PV system is a type of system which is commonly installed in residential homes in different regions around the world. The quality of generated electricity from a Photo voltaic system depends upon the type of solar PV panel employed. . Different PV panels have different configurations and it is very important to check all the important parameters beforehand. On the back of all solar panels there lies a junction box comprising of two cables- the MC4 and MC5 cables. These two cables are used for connecting one solar panel to another either in series or parallel. The integral part of a solar panel are the solar cells. Solar cells come in many different forms. For many generations the mono-crystalline solar cells have been dominating the market. Mono-crystalline solar cells have an efficiency range of (15-20) % but however they are costly. Polycrystalline silicon solar cells on the other hand have an efficiency range of (10-15) % and are less costly than the mono-crystalline silicon ones. Mono-crystalline silicon solar cells are more reliable than the poly-crystalline silicon solar cells. On the other hand, there are the thin-film solar cells which are not as much as popular as the silicon solar cells, but these solar cells are best resistant to heat and excess temperature. With the advancement in technology a lot of research has been going on in terms of development of solar cells on a market basis such as the dye-sensitised, perovskite, organic and multi-junction solar cells. An inverter is an integral part of a PV system in the sense that it is used for conversion of D.C. to A.C for use in homes. The size of a battery is estimated by taking the output of the inverter after all the losses in the inverter are taken into account. There are a lot of different conditions which affect the output of a solar PV system such as dust, external shading, temperature effects and other system losses. It is very important to take into consideration the geographical location of a region as this factor has a lot of influence over how the solar panels need to be installed to get the maximum output. The azimuth and tilt angel are two important angles which has a lot of influence on the solar panels. The installation procedure of a solar PV system has a specific layout which needs to be followed. The first step involves designing the concrete block distribution followed by assembling the structure and then raising the structure up to a particular height. After that it involves installation of the railways and finally the installation of the solar modules. It is very important to give a certain amount of space between stacks of modules and the necessary wiring and mounting hardware’s should be concealed in a proper manner. The important parameters which influence the calculations of a solar PV system include open circuit voltage (VOC), short-circuit current (ISC), fill factor and efficiency. A very important note is if a person is living in the southern hemisphere then the person should install the solar panels in a north facing wall and if living in the northern hemisphere then the panels should be installed in the southern hemisphere. While taking about the solar panel productivity there are two terms: STC (Standard temperature conditions) which involve having an irradiance of 1000W/m2, Air mass of 1 the advancement in...