TCP/IP Fundamentals

Objectives
On successful completion of this course, attendees will be able to:

• Describe the main objectives of the TCP/IP protocols
• Explain the structure and use of IP addresses
• Distinguish between an application and a protocol
• Identify TCP/IP message formats
• Explain what port numbers are and why some are well known
• Understand the importance of RFCs and state how they may be obtained
• Explain how IP routing operates and how messages are delivered to the right node
• Understand the function, purpose, and use of subnetting, and be able to specify suitable subnet masks for given implementations
• Describe how the FTP application operates and how it can be used
• Explain how the Telnet, TN3270, and TN5250 applications operate and how they can be used
• Explain how email applications operate and how mail is transported to the correct node using the SMTP and POP3 protocols
• Explain how the world wide web application operates
• Explain how the domain name system operates and how name servers resolve domain names
• Explain the purpose and operation of the network file system and how it can be used
• Explain the purpose and use of the SNMP protocol and how it can be used for network management
• Describe how TCP operates and how connections are established, used, and terminated
• Explain retransmission, sliding windows, and out of band data
• Describe how UDP operates
• Describe the function of routing protocols and state why they are required
• Explain fragmentation and reassembly, source routing, RIP, and OSPF
• Explain the purpose of CIDR and describe how it operates
• Describe the purpose and function of the ICMP protocols and give examples of their use
• Describe the purpose and function of the ARP protocol and state why it is required
• Describe the purpose and use of the RARP protocol and describe its relationship to the BootP and DHCP protocols
• Explain how a TCP/IP network can be installed, configured, tested, and managed
• Explain how public/private key encryption techniques work
• Describe the contents and use of a Digital Certificate
• State the purpose of the Secure Sockets Layer
• Describe the principles of Firewalls
• Explain the terms "packet filtering" and "bastion host"
• Describe the use and output of the Netstat command
• Describe the major features, functions, and protocols of IP version 6.

Who Should Attend
All network technicians, operators, systems programmers, managers, and end users who need an understanding of TCP/IP protocols, applications and services.

Duration
2 days

Course Code
CTCP
Contents
Introduction
What is TCP/IP?; why TCP/IP?; the growth of the Internet; internetworking principles; IP addressing: example, IP address and physical address; Internet domain names; Internet domain name hierarchy; TCP/IP protocols; common user applications; common system applications; the next generation.


Architecture & Operation
Request For Comments (RFCs); protocol boundaries; port numbers; message formats; transport & network protocols; 'A Tale of Two Transports'; principles of IP routing; the structure of the Internet.


User-Oriented Applications
Client/Server applications; addressing the server; Berkeley sockets; a TCP communication; a UDP communication; the File Transfer Protocol application; using FTP; the Telnet application; using Telnet; the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol; the Post Office Protocol v3; using SMTP and POP3; the World Wide Web application; using the Web.


System-Oriented Applications
Resolving Internet domain names; the Domain Name System; Domain Name Resolution; the Network File System; the Network File System architecture; the Network File System in operation; the Network File System port numbers; network management - problems; network management - solutions; the Simple Network Management Protocol.


Transport Level Protocols
TCP and UDP compared; Transport Level Message formats; UDP datagram format; UDP checksum pseudo-header; UDP in action; TCP segment format; TCP checksum pseudo-header; connection setup and release; sequence numbers; segment acknowledgement; TCP reliability; TCP Sliding Windows; Sliding Windows in action; TCP Control Flags; TCP Segment Format; TCP Finite State Machine; establishing a TCP connection; TCP data transfer; TCP connection release.


Network Level Protocols
Resolving Internet domain names; the Network Level Protocols; IP services; IP address classes; subnetting principles; subnetting mechanism; subnetting in action; IP datagram format; fragmentation and reassembly; type of service; Time To Live; IP options format; IP options: source routing, record route and time stamp, principles; interior and exterior routing protocols; routing protocol location; OSPF and RIP compared; the IP routing algorithm; IP datagram format review; IP address space exhaustion; Classless Inter-Domain Routing: CIDR in action; Internet Control Message Protocol: ICMP message format, example ICMP messages; Address Resolution Protocol: ARP message format, ARP in action; Reverse Address Resolution Protocol: RARP in action, RARP message format; the Bootstrap Protocol: BootP message format, BootP in action, the problem with BootP; Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol: DHCP message format, DHCP finite states, DHCP and domain names.


Configuring & Managing a TCP/IP Network
Setting up a TCP/IP host; network infrastructure; interconnection devices; TCP/IP addressing and naming; choosing names and addresses; security and privacy; firewalls and encryption; public key encryption: principles, capabilities; Digital Certificates; Secure Sockets Layer; Firewalls: packet filtering, bastion host, screened subnet; Network Management: Ping, Netstat.


IPv6 The Next Generation
Datagram format; base header; routing header; fragmentation header; options header; address format; access provider address space.