Biochemistry I - Animals 100 Hours Certificate Course (Pre-Medical Program)

There are 10 lessons as follows:

1 Introduction to biochemistry

• The Basics: Atoms, Chemical bonds and Molecules, The Periodic Table
• Parts of a Molecule
• Nomenclature
• Aromaticity
• Organisms and Organic Compounds

2 Lipids and proteins

• Carbohydrate
• Types of Carbohydrate: Monosaccharides, Oligosaccharides, Polysaccharides
• Carbohydrate Function
• Lipids: Fatty Acids, Triglycerides, Phospholipids, Sterols, Terminology
• Commercially useful Fats and Lipids: Drying Oils (in paints & lacquers), Soaps, Detergents, Waxes
• Proteins: Fibrous Proteins, Globular Protein, Functional Categorisation of Proteins, Proteins in the Human Diet

3 Enzymes and hormones

• Hormones
• Summary of Endocrine Glands in the Human Body
• Enzymes: Enzyme Activation, Enzyme Deactivation
• Digestion: Fermentation, Maltose, Hydrochloric Acid, Gastric Juice, Pepsin, Chyme, Pancreatic juice, Bile, Glycogen, Fatty Acids
• Digestive Enzymes
• Digestive Hormones

4 Nucleic acids

• Nucleic Acids: Pentose Sugars, Nitrogenous Bases
• Nuclotide Structure
• DNA & RNA
• ATP - The Body's Energy Reservoir: Sources of ATP

5 Thermo-regulation

• Lowering Temperature
• Raising Temperature
• Effect of Temperature on Enzymes: Heat Shock Proteins
• Sweat (Sudoriferous) Glands: Eccrine Glands, Apocrine Glands, Physiological Values For Other Animals
• Energy Production
• Factors Affecting Individual BMR: Growth, Body Size, Food, Thyroid Gland
• Fever: Mechanism of Fever, Shivering, Other Temperature Disorders, Grades of Fever, Signs of Fever

6 Carbohydrate metabolism

• Carbohydrates in an Animal or Human Body: Glycogenesis, Glycogenolysis, Gluconeogenesis, Hyperglycaemia, Hypoglycaemia
• Carbohydrate Oxidation: Glycolysis, Citric Acid Cycle
• Anaerobic Respiration
• Carbohydrate Storage: Fattening Animals, Sources of Carbohydrate
• Absortion of Carbohydrates
• Carbohydrates in Mammals
• Alcohol
• Comparing Energy Pathways from Different Foods: Carbohydrates, Fats (Triglycerides), Proteins
• The Urea Cycle

7 Absorption

• Digestion: Peristalsis, Enzyme Action, Chemical Digestion
• Absorption

8 Acidity and alkalinity

• pH: Measuring pH
• Buffers
• Animal Acid Base Balance
• Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis
• Metabolic Acidosis and Alkalosis
• Mammalian Buffer Systems: Haemoglobin, Phosphate, Protein
• Role of the Renal System in Acid Base Balance

9 Chemical analysis

• Biochemical Testing
• Concentration Testing: Moles and Molarity
• Chromatography
• Spectrophotometry
• Analysis of Biomolecules: DNA Composition, RNA Composition, Protein Composition
• Titration

10 Biochemical applications

• Environmental and Agricultural Testing
• Medical Science
• Poisons/Toxins
• Cell Culture