Comprehensive Production and Operations Management; (Dubai)

Contents, Concepts and Issues

Introduction to Operations Management

• Defining Operations Management (OM)
• Producing Goods and Services
• Importance of Studying Operations Management
• Roles of Operations Managers
• The Heritage of Operations Management
• Operations in the Service Sectors
• New Issues in Operations Management
• The Concept of Productivity
• Measuring Productivity
• Productivity Variables
• Productivity and the Service Sectors
• Ethics and Social Responsibility

Operations Management in the Global Environment

• Operations: Global View
• Formulating Missions and Visions
• Achieving Competitive Advantage Through Operations
• Strategic Operations Management Decisions
• Issues in Operations Strategy
• Developing and Implementing Strategy
• Key Success Factors and Core Competencies
• Build and Staff the Organisation
• Integrating Operations Management with other Activities
• Global Operations Strategy Options
• International Strategy
• Multidomestic Strategy
• Global Strategy
• Transnational Strategy

Project Management

• Importance of Project Management
• Project Planning
• The Project Manager
• Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
• Project Scheduling
• Project Controlling
• Project Management Techniques
• The Framework of PERT and CPM
• Network Diagrams and Approaches
• Activity-on-Node Example
• Activity-on-Arrow Example
• Identifying the Project Schedule
• Forward Pass
• Backward Pass
• Slack Time Calculations and Critical Path Identification
• Variability in Activity Times
• Three Time Estimates in PERT
• Probability of Project Completion
• Cost-Time Trade-Offs and project Crashing
• An Analysis of PERT and CPM
• Microsoft Project in Project Management

Demand Forecast

• Forecasting Definition
• Forecasting Time Horizons
• Product Life Cycle
• Types of Forecasts
• The Importance of Forecasting
• Forecasting Human Resources Needs
• Forecasting Capacity
• Forecasting the Supply-Chain Management
• Steps in Forecasting System
• Forecasting Approaches
• Qualitative Methods
• Quantitative Methods
• Time Series Forecasting
• Decomposition of a Time Series
• Naive Approach
• Moving Averages
• Exponential Smoothing
• Forecast Error Measurement
• Exponential Smoothing with Trend Adjustment
• Projecting Trends
• Seasonal Variations in Data
• Cyclical Variations in Data
• Associative Forecasting Methods
• Utilising Regression Analysis for Forecasting
• Standard Error of the Estimate
• Correlation Coefficients for Regression Lines
• Multiple Regression Analysis
• Forecast Monitoring and Control
• Adaptive Smoothing
• Focus Forecasting
• Forecasting in the Service Sectors

Product Design

• Selecting Goods and Services
• Product Strategy Options Support Competitive Advantage
• Product Life Cycles
• Life Cycle and Strategy
• Product-by-Value Analysis
• New Product Generation
• New Product Opportunities
• Importance of New Products
• Product Development
• Product Development System
• Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
• Organising for Product Development
• Manufacturability and Value
• Engineering
• Product Design Issues
• Robust Design
• Modular Design
• Computer-Aided Design (CAD)
• Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM)
• Virtual Reality Technology
• Value Analysis
• Ethics, Environment-Friendly Designs and Sustainability
• Time-Based Competition
• Purchasing Technology by Acquiring a Firm
• Joint Ventures
• Alliances
• Defining a Product
• Make-or-Buy Decisions
• Group Technology
• Essential Documents for Production
• Product Life-Cycle Management (PLM)
• Service Design
• Application of Decision Trees to Product Design
• Transition in Production

Quality Management and International Standard

• Quality and Strategy
• Quality Definition
• International Quality Standards
• ISO 9000
• ISO 14000
• Total Quality Management (TQM)
• Continuous Improvement
• Six Sigma
• Employee Empowerment
• Benchmarking
• Just-in-Time (JIT)
• Taguchi Concepts
• TQM Tools
• Check Sheets
• Scatter Diagrams
• Cause-and-Effect Diagrams
• Pareto Charts
• Flowcharts
• Histograms
• Statistical Process Control (SPM)
• Inspection
• TQM in Services
• Statistical Process Control (SPC)

Process Design

• Process Strategies
• Process Focus
• Repetitive Focus
• Product Focus
• Mass Customization Focus
• Comparison of Process Choices
• Process Analysis and Design
• Flowchart
• Time-Function Mapping
• Value-Stream Mapping
• Process Charts
• Service Blueprinting
• Special Considerations for Service Process Design
• Customer Interaction and Process Design
• Improving Service Processes
• Equipment and Technology Selection
• Production Technology
• Machine Technology
• Automatic Identification Systems (AISs) and RFID
• Process Control
• Vision System
• Robots
• Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs)
• Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMSs)
• Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)
• Technology in Services
• Redesigning the Process
• Sustainability
• Resources
• Recycle
• Regulations
• Reputation
• Capacity Planning
• Bottleneck analysis and the Theory of Constraints
• Break-Even Analysis
• Single-Product Case
• Multiproduct Case
• Risk Reduction with Incremental Changes
• Expected Monetary Value (EMV) Application to Capacity Decisions
• Investment Analysis Application to Strategy-Driven Investments

Location

• Importance of Location
• Factors Affecting Location Decisions
• Labour Productivity
• Exchange rate and Currency Risk
• Costs
• Political Risk, values and Cultures
• Proximity to Markets
• Proximity to Suppliers
• Proximity to Competitors
• Methods in Location Evaluation
• Alternatives
• The Factor-Rating Method
• Locational Break-Even Analysis
• Centre-of-Gravity Method
• Transportation Model
• Service Location Strategy
• Hotel Chain Site Selection
• The Call Centre Industry
• Geographic Information Systems

Layout

• Importance of Layout Decisions
• Types of Layout
• Office Layout
• Retail Layout
• Warehousing and Storage Layouts
• Fixed-Position Layout
• Process-Oriented Layout
• Work Cells
• Repetitive and Product-Oriented
• Layout

Job Design and Work Measurement

• Human Resource Strategy for Competitive Advantage
• Labour Planning
• Employment-Stability Policies
• Work Schedules
• Job Classifications and Work Rules
• Job Design
• Labour Specialisation
• Job Expansion
• Psychological Components of Job Design
• Self-Directed Teams
• Motivation and Incentive Systems
• Ergonomics and the Work Environment
• Methods Analysis
• The Visual Workplace
• Labour Standards
• Ethics

Supply Chain Management

• Importance of Supply Chain
• Supply Chain Risk
• Ethics and Sustainability
• Performance Evaluation: Audits and Metrics
• Ethical Issues in Outsourcing

Conducting Inventory Management

• The Importance of Inventory
• Functions of Inventory
• Types of Inventory
• Inventory Management
• ABC Analysis
• Record Accuracy
• Cycle Counting
• Control of Service Inventories
• Inventory Models
• Independent vs. Dependent Demands
• Holding, Ordering and Setup Costs
• Inventory Models for Independent Demand
• The Basic Economic Order Quantity
• Model
• Minimizing Cost
• Reorder Points
• Production Order Quantity Model
• Quantity Discount Model
• Probabilistic Models and Safety Stock
• Other Probabilistic Models
• Single- Period Model
• Fixed-Period (P) Systems
• Ethical Dilemmas
• Using Software to Solve Inventory Problems
• Solved Problems
• Problems

Effective Scheduling

• The Planning Process
• Planning Horizons
• The Nature of Aggregate Planning
• Aggregate Planning Strategies
• Capacity Options
• Demand Options
• Mixing Options to Develop a Plan
• Aggregate Planning Methods
• Graphical Method
• Mathematical Approaches
• Comparison of Aggregate Planning Methods
• Aggregates Planning in Service
• Yield Management

Material Requirements Planning (MRP) and Enterprise Resource Planning ERP

• Dependent Demand
• Dependent Inventory Model Requirements
• Master Production Schedule
• Bills of Materials
• Accurate Inventory Records
• Purchase Orders Outstanding
• Lead Times for Components
• MRP Structure
• MRP Management
• MRP Dynamics
• MRP and JIT
• Lot-Sizing Techniques
• Extensions of MRP
• Materials Requirements Planning II (MRP II)
• Closed-Loop MRP
• Capacity Planning
• MRP in Services
• Distribution Resource Planning
• Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
• Pros and Cons of ERP Systems
• ERP in the Service Sector

The Principles of Short Term Scheduling

• Short-Term Scheduling: Importance
• Scheduling Issues
• Forwards and Backward Scheduling
• Scheduling Criteria
• Scheduling Process-Focused Facilities
• Loading Jobs
• Input-Output Control
• Gantt Charts
• Assignments Methods
• Jobs Sequencing
• Priority Rules for Dispatching Jobs
• Critical Ration
• Sequencing N Jobs on Two Machines/l Johnson’s Rule
• Limitations of Rule- Based Dispatching Systems
• Finite Capacity Scheduling
• Scheduling Repetitive Facilities
• Scheduling Services
• Employees with Cyclical Scheduling

Just-in-Time (JIT) and Lean Operations

• Just-in-Time and Lean Operations
• Waste Elimination
• Variability Removal
• Throughput Improvement
• Just-in-Time (JIT)
• JIT Performance
• Concerns of Suppliers
• JIT Layout
• Distance Reductions and Inventory
• Increased Flexibility
• Impact on Employees
• Reduced Space and Inventory
• JIT Inventory
• Reduce Inventory and Variability
• Reduce Lot Sizes
• Reduce Setup Costs
• JIT Scheduling
• Level Schedules
• Kanban
• JIT Quality
• Lean Operations in Services

Making Maintenance and Reliability Decisions

• Maintenance and Reliability: Importance
• Principle of Reliability
• Improving Individual Components
• Providing Redundancy
• Maintenance
• Implementing Preventive
• Maintenance
• Increasing Repair Capabilities
• Autonomous Maintenance
• Total Productive Maintenance
• Technique for Enhancing Maintenance

Decision Modeling

• The Decision Process in Operations
• Fundamentals of Decision Making
• Decision Tables
• Types of Decision-Making Environment
• Decision Making Under Uncertainty
• Decision Making Under Risk
• Decision Making Under Certainty
• Expected Value of Perfect Information (EVPI)
• Decision Trees
• A More Complex Decision Tree
• Using Decision Trees in Ethical Decision Making
• The Poker Decision Process

Familiarising with Linear Programming Models

• Importance of Linear Programming
• Requirements of Linear Programming Problems
• Formulating Linear Programming Problems
• Shader Electronics Example
• Graphical Solution to Linear Programming Problems
• Graphical Representations of Constraints
• ISO-Profit Line Solution Method
• Corner-Point Solution Method
• Sensitivity Analysis
• Sensitivity Report
• Changes in the Resources or Right-Hand-Side Value
• Changes in the Objective Functions Coefficient
• Solving Minimisation Problems
• Linear Programming Applications
• Production-Mix Example
• Diet Problem Example
• Labour Scheduling Example
• The Simplex Method of LP

Conceptualising Transportation Modelling

• Transportation Modelling
• Developing an Initial Solution
• The Northwest-Corner Rule
• The Intuitive Lowest-Cost Method
• The Stepping-Stone Method
• Special Issues in Modelling
• Demand Not Equal to Supply
• Degeneracy
• Queuing Models
• Queuing Theory
• Characteristics of a Waiting-Line System
• Characteristics of Arrival
• Waiting-Line Characteristics
• Services Characteristics
• Measuring a Queue’s Performance
• Queuing Costs
• The Variety of Queuing Models
• Model A (M/M/I)L Single-Channel Queuing
• Model with Poisson Arrivals and Exponential Service Times
• Model B (M/M/S): Multiple-Channel
• Queuing Model
• Model C (M/D/I): Constant-Service-Time Model
• Little’s Law
• Model D: Limited-Population Model
• Other Queuing Approaches

Learning Curves

• Defining Learning Curve
• Learning Curves in Service and Manufacturing
• Learning Curve Application
• Arithmetic Approach
• Logarithmic Approach
• Learning-Curve Coefficient Approach
• Strategic Implications of Learning Curves
• Limitations of Learning Curves

Modelling with Simulation

• Defining IS Simulation
• Advantages and Disadvantages of Simulation
• Monte Carlo Simulation
• Simulation of Queuing Problems
• Simulation and Inventory Analysis